Key Groundwater Control Factors of Deep Buried Coalfield by Landform and Sedimentation in the Northern Ordos Basin     

Jian Yang  Ji Liu  Hao Huang  Xiangyang Liang 《地球科学进展》2019,34(5):523-530

There were three landforms (i.e. desert, bedrock platform and loess gully) in deep-buried coalfield of northern Ordos Basin. Water inflow of working face in desert area was 1~2 orders of magnitude larger than that in other landform areas. In order to find out the key controlling factors of the directly water filled aquifers on the roof of the coal seam, we carried out research from the aspects of topography, landform and geological sedimentation. The results showed that desert landform provides abundant recharge water for underlying aquifers because of gentle topography, large precipitation infiltration coefficient, thick and water-rich quaternary system. While bedrock platform and loess gully landform were the water sources with weak recharge capacity of underlying aquifers. The sandstone-mudstone interbedding structure formed by continental deposits resulted in the absence of regional stable aquifers in Jurassic and Cretaceous strata on the roof of coal seams. Pumping tests of boreholes showed that all strata belong to weak to medium water-rich aquifers. The groundwater level of Cretaceous aquifer decreased by 20~130 m in three mines. There was a close hydraulic relationship between shallow and deep aquifers. The Mesozoic strata belonged to fluvial deposits. Qilizhen sandstone and Zhenwudong sandstone aquifers were mainly developed on the roof of the coal seam, which were characterized by thick medium-coarse sandstone sections. The geological and sedimentary conditions of direct water-filled aquifer were similar, but the amount of borehole water, cumulative pre-drainage water and water inflow from goaf in desert geomorphic area were much larger than those in bedrock platform and loess gully geomorphic area. The water-rich of the aquifer was mainly controlled by geomorphology, and the water sources of the deep aquifers were meteoric precipitation and Quaternary aquifer. In different mines with similar Quaternary conditions in Mu Us Desert, there were also great differences in the amount of borehole water, cumulative pre-drainage water and water inflow from goafs. The difference was related to the thickness and lithology of the aquifers. It reflected that the geological sedimentary conditions of the coal seam roof were also important factors to control the water-rich of the aquifers. Topography, landform and geological sedimentation were the key factors to control the water-rich of the aquifer directly and the water inflow from the working face.  相似文献   

阿拉善高原古湖岸堤释光测年与晚第四纪湖面变化     

李国强  陶淑娴  佘琳琳  金明  魏海涛  李芳亮  黄新  王中  杨和  王晓艳  杨丽萍  陈发虎 《第四纪研究》2019,(4):803-811

阿拉善高原位于现代西风环流与东亚季风环流过渡带,该地区分布的湖泊对全球性气候变化响应极为敏感,阿拉善高原广泛分布的古湖岸堤为较准确地重建晚第四纪湖泊水位变化提供了良好载体.近年对黑河、石羊河尾闾湖泊以及吉兰泰盐池、雅布赖盆地等地的古湖岸堤的沉积地层以及石英和钾长石释光测年研究,重建了不同区域较高分辨率的末次间冰期以来湖泊时空演化过程.发现早在300 ka以前阿拉善高原就已经形成了高水位湖泊,黑河尾闾额济纳盆地在MIS11或更早、 MIS9、 MIS7、 MIS5和MIS 1形成了高湖面湖泊,高湖面湖泊形成存在100 ka的周期.阿拉善高原在末次间冰期及全新世形成了稳定高湖面湖泊,但间冰期内部湖面波动具有空间差异性,东部区域湖泊高湖面出现在MIS 5e^5c和中全新世,西部湖泊高湖面出现在MIS 5a^5c和晚全新世.湖面变化的空间差异性很可能与冰期-间冰期旋回尺度及间冰期内部东亚夏季风与西风气候系统在阿拉善高原的相互作用密切相关.  相似文献   

Holocene slip rate and paleoearthquake records of the Salt Lake segment of the Northern Zhongtiaoshan Fault,Shanxi Province   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

SI SuPei  LI YouLi  Lü ShengHua  WANG YiRan 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(9):2079-2088

The Northern Zhongtiaoshan Fault is a major deep fault at the southern margin of the Yuncheng Basin. There have been few studies on the fault, and the historical earthquakes are few and weak. However, the intensity of activity on the fault should never be underestimated. Through interpretations of aerial images, topography measurements and excavation of trenches, this paper studied the fault distribution, the surface deformation and the activity of the normal fault south of Salt Lake near the city of Yuncheng. By tracing faults in the three trenches, it was found that there had been at least three large paleoseismic events, at 1–3.5, 3.6–4.4 and 7.4–8.8 ka BP. Employing 14 C dating, we determined the same gravel layers in the uplifted side and downthrown side. Making differential Global Positioning System measurements of the vertical difference and topographic profile, we obtained the mean slip rate of the Northern Zhongtiaoshan Fault since 24.7 ka BP(0.75±0.05 mm/a). Using the results of relevant studies, we calculated the possible vertical fault displacement of one earthquake(2.35 m) and obtained the recurrence interval of characteristic earthquakes as 2940–3360 a after dividing the displacement by the mean slip rate.  相似文献   

夏季北黄海水体浊度分布特征的初步研究     

王勇智  乔璐璐  鲍献文  李真 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2012,42(6):1-8

应用2007月7月国家908专项北黄海区块水体调查获取的浊度资料,与同步获得的悬浮物质量浓度进行拟合分析,结果表明,中底层水的相关系数在0.94以上,表层相关度较差.根据调查海域浊度的水平大面分布及选取的6个典型断面的垂直分布,初步阐述了夏季北黄海水体浊度的分布特征——近岸高和底层高,山东半岛北部沿岸、成山角海域和老铁山水道以及庄河河口附近海域为高浊度区.夏季北黄海冷水团对水体浊度分布具有控制性影响:调查海域水体垂向层结稳定,北黄海冷水团海域中下层表现为高盐、低温、高密特征,水体浊度小,且浊度锋面的分布与温度较为相近.同时,夏季北黄海冷水团对悬浮物的分布起到了屏障作用——在山东半岛北部沿岸和辽东半岛南部沿岸阻止了近岸悬浮物的经向输送,而在山东半岛东部沿岸则阻止了近岸悬浮物的纬向输送.  相似文献   

内蒙古乌拉山地区沙德盖岩体年代学、地球化学特征及成因探讨   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

侯万荣  聂凤军  胡建民  刘翼飞  肖伟  刘勇  张可 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2011,41(6):1914-1927

沙德盖岩体位于华北克拉通北缘中段、哈达门沟大型金（钼）矿田范围内。首次利用锆石 SHRIMP U-Pb法对其定年,获得15个锆石颗粒²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U年龄的加权平均值（221.6±2.1） Ma（MSWD=1.6）,表明岩体侵位于印支中期。岩石地球化学特征表现为高硅（SiO₂质量分数为71.21%～73.67%）、富钾（K₂O/Na₂O为1.01～1.37）、富碱（K₂O+Na₂O为8.23%～9.96%）、弱过铝质（Al₂O₃为13.11%～14.31%）,里特曼指数σ=2.43～3.52,钙碱性-碱性;富集轻稀土（LREE/HREE为17.68～14.92,（La/Yb）|_N为22.85～16.58）和Eu略亏损（δEu=0.95～0.93）;微量元素亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti、Sr,富集K、La、Ce、Hf等元素,具有A型花岗岩特征;(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)i=0.705 31～0.702 29,(¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd)_i=0.511 682～0.511 620,ε_Nd(t)=-13.1～-14.3,具有壳源特点;钕两阶段模式年龄T_2DM=2 061～2 160 Ma,在铅构造模式图上样品投点于地幔与下地壳之间。综合分析认为其形成于同碰撞向后碰撞构造体制转换,伸展构造和幔源基性岩浆的底侵导致早期古老基底地壳部分熔融,很可能是形成沙德盖岩体的主要动力机制。华北克拉通北缘印支期构造岩浆活动及成矿作用是普遍存在的。  相似文献   

南海北部第四系厚度分布图的编制与简要说明     

任镇寰  杨廉法  李春初  王文介 《华南地震》2010,30(3):37-41

收集南海北部大量多道地震和钻井资料,编制了该区域首幅第四系厚度分布图。第四系等厚线总体呈NEE向,特别是珠江口外大陆架最明显,莺歌海、琼东南呈NW-EW-NE向弧形,珠江口大陆架南部存在次一级NW向等厚线。第四系等厚线分布形态明显受到断裂构造控制。  相似文献   

辽东湾北部浅海区底泥镉元素形态特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘明华 《地质与资源》2010,19(2):123-126,104

依据辽东湾浅海区底泥的52件样品中镉元素全量和各形态的测试数据,研究了镉元素存在形态的分布特征和相关性,并探讨了底泥镉形态的环境因素和生态效应.结果表明,底泥中的镉含量为较高水平,非残渣态含量极高,占总量的90%.非残渣态镉主要为离子交换态（44.38%）和碳酸盐结合态（21.38%）.镉的全量与各种形态都有极显著的相关性,并且分布特征一致,最高样点都分布在锦州湾.底泥镉的各种形态与底泥的有机质和海水环境中镉存在显著的相关性.底泥的离子交换态镉与脉红螺的镉有正相关关系.  相似文献   

冀北-辽西地区侏罗纪土城子组的时代归属   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郑月娟  陈树旺  丁秋红  李永飞  张健  王杰  李晓海  苏飞  郜小勇 《地质与资源》2010,19(4):292-295,305

土城子组的时代归属存有分歧.目前主要有5种观点：①中侏罗世晚期-晚侏罗世早期;②晚侏罗世早期;③晚侏罗世;④晚侏罗世-早白垩世;⑤早白垩世.根据侏罗纪年代地层学的研究现状,综合生物地层、磁性地层及同位素年代学的资料,认为土城子组的时代应为中侏罗世晚期-晚侏罗世早期（Callovian-Oxfordian）.土城子组的同位素年龄在147~136 Ma之间.  相似文献   

深地震探测的分辨率分析——以南海北部OBS数据为例   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

王彦林  阎贫 《地球物理学报》2009,52(9):2282-2290

多次深地震探测结果表明南海北部陆缘地壳结构在走向和倾向上都有明显的变化.在一些相隔很近的测线上,探测的深部地壳结构却相差较大,为了分析这些探测结果中差异的原因和地壳结构变化的可靠性,本文以东沙东侧海域测线和东沙西侧海域测线为例,对采集的海底地震仪记录进行了时间、位置校正和初至波走时拾取,利用有限差分地震走时层析成像进行了走时反演,获得所在剖面的地壳速度结构,并分析了模型的横向分辨率,剔除模型中短波长的横向速度变化.分辨率检测结果表明,模型的横向分辨率随着深度快速下降,0～8 km深度范围可以分辨10 km的横向变化,8～17 km的范围能够分辨10～40 km,而17～33 km的范围只能分辨40～80 km.因此,折射波的横向分辨能力不高,在地壳深部难以分辨较小的横向速度变化,前人探测的南海北部6 km宽、延伸至莫霍面的滨外断裂带并不能清晰的识别.  相似文献   

青藏高原北部中强以上地震震兆异常的分级特征研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

罗国富  赵卫明  盛菊琴  马禾青 《地震工程学报》2009,31(2):179-185

通过对青藏高原北部中强以上地震前普遍出现的地震活动异常进行了系统的分析和总结,发现各地震活动前兆异常参数与主震震级有分级特征,其结果对未来青藏高原北部中强以上地震的预测具有一定的实用和参考价值.  相似文献